Camshaft is a type of rotating device or apparatus used in piston engines for propelling or operating poppet valves. Camshaft comprises of series of cams that regulates the opening and closing of valves in the piston engines. The camshaft works with the help of a belt, chain and gears.

Crankshaft is a device, which converts the up and down movement of the piston into rotatory motion. This shaft is presented at the bottom of an engine and its main function is to rotate the pistons in a circular motion. Crankshaft is further connected to flywheel, clutch, main shaft of the transmission, torque converter and belt pulley.

Connecting rods are made of metals, which are used, for joining a rotating wheel to a reciprocating shaft. More precisely, connecting rods also referred to as con rod are used for conjoining the piston to the crankshaft.

A crankcase is a metallic cover that holds together the crankshaft and its attachments. It is the largest cavity within an engine that protects the crankshaft, connecting rods and other components from foreign objects. Automotive crankcases are filled with air and oil, while Magnesium, Cast Iron, Aluminum and alloys are some common materials used to make crankcases.

Cylinder heads refers to a detachable plate, which is used for covering the closed end of a cylinder assembled in an automotive engine. It comprises of combustion chamber valve train and spark plugs. Different types of automobiles have different engine configurations such as Straight engine has only one cylinder head while a engine has two cylinder heads.

Engine belts are the bands made of flexible material used for connecting or joining two rotating shafts or pulleys together. These belts work in coordination with wheels and axles for transferring energy. When the wheels or shafts are positioned at extremely different angles, then the engine belts have the ability to change the direction of a force. Engine pulley is a type of machine or a wheel having either a broad rim or groomed rim attached to a rope or chain for lifting heavy objects.

Oil is one of the necessities of an automobile engine. Oil is distributed under strong pressure to all other moving parts of an engine with the help of an oil pump. This oil pump is placed at the bottom of an engine in the oil pan and is joined by a gear to either the crankshaft or the camshaft. Near the oil pump, there is an oil pressure sensor, which sends information about the status of oil to a warning light or meter gauge.

Automobile engine valves are devices that regulate the flow of air and fuel mixture into the cylinder and assist in expelling exhaust gases after fuel combustion. They are indispensable to the system of coordinated opening and closing of valves, known as valve train. Engine valves are made from varied materials such as Structural Ceramics, Steels, Superalloys and Titanium alloys. Valve materials are selected based on the temperatures and pressures the valves are to endure.

An engine block is a metal casting that serves as a basic structure on which other engine parts are installed. A typical block contains bores for pistons, pumps or other devices to be attached to it. Even engines are sometimes classified as small-block or big-block based on the distance between cylinder bores of engine blocks. Engine blocks are made from different materials including Aluminum alloys, gray cast iron, ferrous alloys, white iron, gray iron, ductile iron, malleable iron, etc.

An engine pulley is a wheel with a groove around its circumference, upon which engine belts run and transmit mechanical power, torque and speed across different shafts of an engine. An engine houses pulley units of different sizes for cam shaft drive, accessory drive and timing belts. Molded plastics, iron and steel are normally used to make engine pulleys.

Engine assemblies refer to sets of engine components required to make up a complete automotive engine. Engine assemblies are needed to perform partial replacements, engine swaps and direct engine replacements. A typical packaged engine assembly may include a number of engine parts such as lower blocks, connecting rods, crankshafts, main bearings, rings, rod bearings, pistons, etc.

An engine bracket is a metallic part used to join an engine mount to the power unit or the body of a vehicle. Engine brackets are installed between a vehicle's body and power unit to dampen the vibrations generated by the engine, thus preventing a vehicle's body from shaking due to the vibrations. Engine brackets are made from Ductile Iron Cast, Aluminum, Polypropylene, Fiberglass and alloys.

Automotive mounting bolts secure different automobile components viz. air bags, brake fittings, etc. on to a supporting structure. Likewise, engine mounting bolts help secure an automobile's engine in place. Based on usage, a number of materials such as alloys, silicon bronze, bronze, ceramic, carbon, aluminum, nylon, phosphor bronze, nickel silver, plastic, titanium, zirconium and stainless steel are utilized to produce these bolts.

Engine overhaul kits are prepackaged sets of engine components used to perform major makeovers of automobile engines. Overhaul procedures often entail removing the engine and then rebuilding or replacing its internal parts viz. pistons, cam shaft, valves, piston bushings, connecting rods, etc. The kits are usually classified as basic, intermediate or advanced depending on the level of overhaul they accomplish.

A harmonic balancer is a circular component connected to the crankshaft of an engine. It comprises a hub, an outer weight ring and a layer of flexible rubber in between. Also known by alternative names viz. torsional damper, crankshaft damper, crank pulley damper, or vibration damper, its purpose is to absorb and diffuse crankshaft vibrations, thus prevent the crankshaft from damage. A range of materials such as Alloys, Steel Elastomer, Black Zinc Chromate, Steel, Nodular Iron, or Aluminum are used to manufacture it.

Piston is a cylindrical plug which is used for moving up and down the cylinder according to the position of the crankshaft in its rotation. Piston has multiple uses and functions. In the case of four-stroke engine the piston is pulled or pushed with the help of crankshaft while in the case of compression stroke, piston is pushed with the powerful explosion of mixture of air and fuel.

Pushrods are thin metallic tubes with rounded ends that move through the holes within a cylinder block and head, to actuate the rocker arms. Pushrods are found in valve-in-head type engines and are essential for the motion of engine valves. Some commonly used materials for manufacturing pushrods are Titanium, Aluminum, Chrome Moly and Tempered Chrome Moly.

Push Rods By Types

Valve train consists of various components and parts, which enables valves to operate and function smoothly. Valve train comprises of three main components: camshafts, several components which are used for turning the camshaft’s rotating movement into reciprocating movement, and lastly valves and its various parts.